Thymosin Alpha-1

Research summary

Thymosin alpha-1 is a synthetic peptide corresponding to a naturally occurring thymic peptide involved in immune regulation, studied for effects on T-cell maturation and function. Much of the clinical research has examined its use as an adjunct immune-modulator in severe infection, administered under medical supervision in hospital settings.

A meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials (967 treated patients) found thymosin alpha-1 was associated with a statistically significant reduction in 28-day sepsis mortality. A 2013 multicenter trial of 361 sepsis patients found 28-day mortality of 26.0% in the treated group versus 35.0% on placebo. Findings in COVID-19 have been mixed, with one study finding benefit to T-cell counts and another finding none.

Sources: Meta-analysis, PMC12440967; ETASS trial, PMC4056079. Findings from published research —not a claim about this product, and not evidence of safety or effectiveness for human use.